python读取表格数据并输出(python读取表格文件)
python怎么读取excel的数据
最近由于经常要用到Excel，需要根据Excel表格中的内容对一些apk进行处理，手动处理很麻烦，于是决定写脚本来处理。首先贴出网上找来的读写Excel的脚本。
1.读取Excel(需要安装xlrd)：
123456789101112131415161718192021222324
#-*- coding: utf8 -*-import xlrd??fname = "reflect.xls"bk = xlrd.open_workbook(fname)shxrange = range(bk.nsheets)try:?sh = bk.sheet_by_name("Sheet1")except:?print "no sheet in %s named Sheet1" % fname#获取行数nrows = sh.nrows#获取列数ncols = sh.ncolsprint "nrows %d, ncols %d" % (nrows,ncols)#获取第一行第一列数据cell_value = sh.cell_value(1,1)#print cell_value??row_list = []#获取各行数据for i in range(1,nrows):?row_data = sh.row_values(i)?row_list.append(row_data)
2.写入Excel（需安装pyExcelerator）
12345678
from pyExcelerator import *?w = Workbook()? #创建一个工作簿ws = w.add_sheet('Hey, Hades')? #创建一个工作表ws.write(0,0,'bit') #在1行1列写入bitws.write(0,1,'huang') #在1行2列写入huangws.write(1,0,'xuan') #在2行1列写入xuanw.save('mini.xls')? #保存
3.再举个自己写的读写Excel的例子
读取reflect.xls中的某些信息进行处理后写入mini.xls文件中。
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344
#-*- coding: utf8 -*-import xlrdfrom pyExcelerator import *??w = Workbook()ws = w.add_sheet('Sheet1')?fname = "reflect.xls"bk = xlrd.open_workbook(fname)shxrange = range(bk.nsheets)try:?sh = bk.sheet_by_name("Sheet1")except:?print "no sheet in %s named Sheet1" % fname?nrows = sh.nrowsncols = sh.ncolsprint "nrows %d, ncols %d" % (nrows,ncols)??cell_value = sh.cell_value(1,1)#print cell_value??row_list = []mydata = []for i in range(1,nrows):?row_data = sh.row_values(i)?pkgdatas = row_data[3].split(',')?#pkgdatas.split(',')?#获取每个包的前两个字段?for pkgdata in pkgdatas:??pkgdata = '.'.join((pkgdata.split('.'))[:2])??mydata.append(pkgdata)?#将列表排序?mydata = list(set(mydata))?print mydata?#将列表转化为字符串?mydata = ','.join(mydata)?#写入数据到每行的第一列?ws.write(i,0,mydata)?mydata = []?row_list.append(row_data[3])#print row_list?w.save('mini.xls')
4.现在我需要根据Excel文件中满足特定要求的apk的md5值来从服务器获取相应的apk样本，就需要这样做：
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233
#-*-coding:utf8-*-import xlrdimport osimport shutil??fname = "./excelname.xls"bk = xlrd.open_workbook(fname)shxrange = range(bk.nsheets)try:?#打开Sheet1工作表?sh = bk.sheet_by_name("Sheet1")except:?print "no sheet in %s named Sheet1" % fname#获取行数nrows = sh.nrows#获取列数ncols = sh.ncols#print "nrows %d, ncols %d" % (nrows,ncols)#获取第一行第一列数据cell_value = sh.cell_value(1,1)#print cell_value??row_list = []#range(起始行,结束行)for i in range(1,nrows):?row_data = sh.row_values(i)?if row_data[6] == "HXB":??filename = row_data[3]+".apk"??#print "%s %s %s" %(i,row_data[3],filename)??filepath = r"./1/"+filename??print "%s %s %s" %(i,row_data[3],filepath)??if os.path.exists(filepath):???shutil.copy(filepath, r"./myapk/")
补充一个使用xlwt3进行Excel文件的写操作。
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526
import xlwt3?if __name__ == '__main__':?????????datas = [['a', 'b', 'c'], ['d', 'e', 'f'], ['g', 'h']]#二维数组????file_path = 'D:\\test.xlsx'?????????wb = xlwt3.Workbook()????sheet = wb.add_sheet('test')#sheet的名称为test?????????#单元格的格式????style = 'pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour yellow; '#背景颜色为黄色????style += 'font: bold on; '#粗体字????style += 'align: horz centre, vert center; '#居中????header_style = xlwt3.easyxf(style)?????????row_count = len(datas)????col_count = len(datas[0])????for row in range(0, row_count):????????col_count = len(datas[row])????????for col in range(0, col_count):????????????if row == 0:#设置表头单元格的格式????????????????sheet.write(row, col, datas[row][col], header_style)????????????else:????????????????sheet.write(row, col, datas[row][col])????wb.save(file_path)
输出的文件内容如下图：
注：以上代码在Python 3.x版本测试通过。
好了，python操作Excel就这么！些了，简单吧
怎么用python读取excel表格的数据
一、读excel表
读excel要用到xlrd模块，官网安装（）。然后就可以跟着里面的例子稍微试一下就知道怎么用了。大概的流程是这样的：
1、导入模块
复制代码代码如下:
import xlrd
2、打开Excel文件读取数据
复制代码代码如下:
data = xlrd.open_workbook('excel.xls')
3、获取一个工作表
① table = data.sheets()[0] #通过索引顺序获取
② table = data.sheet_by_index(0) #通过索引顺序获取
③ table = data.sheet_by_name(u'Sheet1')#通过名称获取
4、获取整行和整列的值（返回数组）
复制代码代码如下:
table.row_values(i)
table.col_values(i)
5、获取行数和列数
复制代码代码如下:
table.nrows
table.ncols
6、获取单元格
复制代码代码如下:
table.cell(0,0).value
table.cell(2,3).value
就我自己使用的时候觉得还是获取cell最有用，这就相当于是给了你一个二维数组，余下你就可以想怎么干就怎么干了。得益于这个十分好用的库代码很是简洁。但是还是有若干坑的存在导致话了一定时间探索。现在列出来供后人参考吧：
1、首先就是我的统计是根据姓名统计各个表中的信息的，但是调试发现不同的表中各个名字貌似不能够匹配，开始怀疑过编码问题，不过后来发现是因为空格。因为在excel中输入的时候很可能会顺手在一些名字后面加上几个空格或是tab键，这样看起来没什么差别，但是程序处理的时候这就是两个完全不同的串了。我的解决方法是给每个获取的字符串都加上strip（）处理一下。效果良好
2、还是字符串的匹配，在判断某个单元格中的字符串（中文）是否等于我所给出的的时候发现无法匹配，并且各种unicode也不太奏效，百度过一些解决方案，但是都比较复杂或是没用。最后我采用了一个比较变通的方式：直接从excel中获取我想要的值再进行比较，效果是不错就是通用行不太好，个呢不能问题还没解决。
二、写excel表
写excel表要用到xlwt模块，官网下载（）。大致使用流程如下：
1、导入模块
复制代码代码如下:
import xlwt
2、创建workbook（其实就是excel，后来保存一下就行）
复制代码代码如下:
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')
3、创建表
复制代码代码如下:
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet')
4、往单元格内写入内容
复制代码代码如下:
worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Row 0, Column 0 Value')
5、保存
复制代码代码如下:
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
由于我的需求比较简单，所以这上面没遇到什么问题，唯一的就是建议还是用ascii编码，不然可能会有一些诡异的现象。
当然xlwt功能远远不止这些，他甚至可以设置各种样式之类的。附上一点例子
复制代码代码如下:
Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python's xlwt
Here are some simple examples using Python's xlwt library to dynamically generate Excel documents.
Please note a useful alternative may be ezodf, which allows you to generate ODS (Open Document Spreadsheet) files for LibreOffice / OpenOffice. You can check them out at:
The Simplest Example
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Row 0, Column 0 Value')
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Formatting the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet')
font = xlwt.Font() # Create the Font
font.name = 'Times New Roman'
font.bold = True
font.underline = True
font.italic = True
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Style
style.font = font # Apply the Font to the Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Unformatted value')
worksheet.write(1, 0, label = 'Formatted value', style) # Apply the Style to the Cell
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Attributes of the Font Object
font.bold = True # May be: True, False
font.italic = True # May be: True, False
font.struck_out = True # May be: True, False
font.underline = xlwt.Font.UNDERLINE_SINGLE # May be: UNDERLINE_NONE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE_ACC, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE_ACC
font.escapement = xlwt.Font.ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT # May be: ESCAPEMENT_NONE, ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT, ESCAPEMENT_SUBSCRIPT
font.family = xlwt.Font.FAMILY_ROMAN # May be: FAMILY_NONE, FAMILY_ROMAN, FAMILY_SWISS, FAMILY_MODERN, FAMILY_SCRIPT, FAMILY_DECORATIVE
font.charset = xlwt.Font.CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN # May be: CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN, CHARSET_SYS_DEFAULT, CHARSET_SYMBOL, CHARSET_APPLE_ROMAN, CHARSET_ANSI_JAP_SHIFT_JIS, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_HANGUL, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_JOHAB, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_GBK, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_BIG5, CHARSET_ANSI_GREEK, CHARSET_ANSI_TURKISH, CHARSET_ANSI_VIETNAMESE, CHARSET_ANSI_HEBREW, CHARSET_ANSI_ARABIC, CHARSET_ANSI_BALTIC, CHARSET_ANSI_CYRILLIC, CHARSET_ANSI_THAI, CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN_II, CHARSET_OEM_LATIN_I
font.colour_index = ?
font.get_biff_record = ?
font.height = 0x00C8 # C8 in Hex (in decimal) = 10 points in height.
font.name = ?
font.outline = ?
font.shadow = ?
Setting the Width of a Cell
import xltw
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'My Cell Contents')
worksheet.col(0).width = 3333 # 3333 = 1" (one inch).
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Entering a Date into a Cell
import xlwt
import datetime
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
style = xlwt.XFStyle()
style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY' # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0
worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Adding a Formula to a Cell
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5
worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2
worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula('A1*B1')) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2])
worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)')) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2])
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Adding a Hyperlink to a Cell
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("";"Google")')) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Merging Columns and Rows
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'First Merge') # Merges row 0's columns 0 through 3.
font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font
font.bold = True # Set font to Bold
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style
worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, 'Second Merge', style) # Merges row 1 through 2's columns 0 through 3.
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Setting the Alignment for the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment
alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED
alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Adding Borders to a Cell
# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines.
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders
borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED # May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.
borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.left_colour = 0x40
borders.right_colour = 0x40
borders.top_colour = 0x40
borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
Setting the Background Color of a Cell
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern
pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern
style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
TODO: Things Left to Document
- Panes -- separate views which are always in view
- Border Colors (documented above, but not taking effect as it should)
- Border Widths (document above, but not working as expected)
- Protection
- Row Styles
- Zoom / Manification
- WS Props?
Source Code for reference available at:
怎样用python，读取excel中的一列数据
---------------------------
@1方法一
import xlrd
data=xlrd.open_workbook('F:/data.xlsx')#excle文件位置
sheet=data.sheets()[0] #读取第一个表
rows=sheet.row_values(0) #读取第一行
print(rows) #打印第一行
clou=sheet.col_values(0) #读取第一列
print(clou) #打印第一列
print(rows,clou) #打印第一行第一列
x=clou[1:] #去除第一行的第一个数
print(x)
--------------------------------------------------------
@2
import xlrd #导入包
import pandas as pd
data=pd.read_excel('F:/data.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')
#print(type(data))
#print(data)
print(data['B'])#读取某一列
print(data.values)#输出值
print(data.describe())#输出每列的统计数据
x=data[0:10]
print(x)#输出前3行
print(x.T)#转置
print(x.sort_index(axis=1,ascending=False))
a=data.describe()